Effects of pedal speed and crank length on pedaling mechanics in submaximal cycling

Figure 1. Changes in joint kinetics and joint kinematics across pedal speeds. Joint profiles and associated descriptive statistical data tables and are presented for the ankle (1), knee (2) and hip (3) to show the effect of pedal speed on excursion (A), angular velocity (B), moment (C) and power (D). Statistical data tables display mean and standard deviations in bold, with effect sizes for the pairwise comparisons in the remaining cells. For clarity, joint profiles are only presented for the slowest (light grey), middle (grey) and fastest (black) pedal speeds.

Figure 2. Changes in joint kinetics and joint kinematics across crank lengths. Joint profiles and associated descriptive statistical data tables and are presented for the ankle (1), knee (2) and hip (3) to show the effect of crank length on excursion (A), angular velocity (B), moment (C) and power (D). Statistical data tables display mean and standard deviations in bold, with effect sizes for the pairwise comparisons in the remaining cells. For clarity, joint profiles are only presented for the shortest (light grey), middle (grey) and longest (black) crank length.

Table 2. Details of the statistical analyses for the effects of pedal speed and crank length on the dependent variables.