HumanProject

We performed parallel profiling of gene expression and chromatin accessibility to 28 human fetal tissue samples representing 14 organs in first trimester. Collectively, we have generated 415,793 single-cell profiles. By integration analysis of transcriptome and chromatin accessibility, we identified 225 distinct cell types and 848,475 accessible cis-regulatory elements (aCREs). We further linked regulatory elements to their putative target genes and uncovered thousands of genes regulated by both enhancers and silencers in a cell-type-specific manner. Our analysis revealed a significant proportion of distal cis elements shows both open chromatin signal and transcription initiation activity of non-coding transcript. The landscape of fetal cis-regulatory elements facilitates the interpretation the genetic variant of complex disease and infer the cell of origin for multiple cancer.