Trace
Element Removal in Distributed Drinking Water
Treatment Systems by Cathodic H2O2 Production
and UV Photolysis
Version 3 2018-01-16, 18:22
Version 2 2017-12-14, 20:44
Version 1 2017-12-14, 20:36
Posted on 2018-01-16 - 18:22
As
water scarcity intensifies, point-of-use and point-of-entry
treatment may provide a means of exploiting locally available water
resources that are currently considered to be unsafe for human consumption.
Among the different classes of drinking water contaminants, toxic
trace elements (e.g., arsenic and lead) pose substantial operational
challenges for distributed drinking water treatment systems. Removal
of toxic trace elements via adsorption onto iron oxides is an inexpensive
and robust treatment method; however, the presence of metal-complexing
ligands associated with natural organic matter (NOM) often prevents
the formation of iron precipitates at the relatively low concentrations
of dissolved iron typically present in natural water sources, thereby
requiring the addition of iron which complicates the treatment process
and results in a need to dispose of relatively large amounts of accumulated
solids. A point-of-use treatment device consisting of a cathodic cell
that produced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) followed
by an ultraviolet (UV) irradiation chamber was used to decrease colloid
stabilization and metal-complexing capacity of NOM present in groundwater.
Exposure to UV light altered NOM, converting ∼6 μM
of iron oxides into settable forms that removed between 0.5 and 1
μM of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and copper (Cu) from solution
via adsorption. After treatment, changes in NOM consistent with the
loss of iron-complexing carboxylate ligands were observed, including
decreases in UV absorbance and shifts in the molecular composition
of NOM to higher H/C and lower O/C ratios. Chronoamperometric experiments
conducted in synthetic groundwater revealed that the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ inhibited intramolecular charge-transfer
within photoexcited NOM, leading to substantially increased removal
of iron and trace elements.
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Barazesh, James
M.; Prasse, Carsten; Wenk, Jannis; Berg, Stephanie; Remucal, Christina K.; Sedlak, David L. (2017). Trace
Element Removal in Distributed Drinking Water
Treatment Systems by Cathodic H2O2 Production
and UV Photolysis. ACS Publications. Collection. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b04396
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AUTHORS (6)
JB
James
M. Barazesh
CP
Carsten Prasse
JW
Jannis Wenk
SB
Stephanie Berg
CR
Christina K. Remucal
DS
David L. Sedlak