Synergistic Chemo-Photothermal Suppression of Cancer
by Melanin Decorated MoOx Nanosheets
Posted on 2019-09-10 - 14:05
Two-dimensional
(2D) nanomaterials able to effectively absorb near-infrared
(NIR) radiation have shown considerable potential as multifunctional
platforms in the treatment of cancer. Here, we report a molybdenum
dioxide (MoOx)-based system for synergistic
chemo- and photothermal therapy of cancer. MoOx nanosheets were generated via a one-step hydrothermal route,
grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and decorated with melanin
(Mel), with successful functionalization confirmed by IR spectroscopy.
The mean diameter and thickness of the MoOx particles were found to be 302 ± 34 nm and 19 ± 2 nm using
atomic force microscopy. The hydrodynamic size of the MoOx nanosheets was 105 ± 17 nm, and the resulting
final MoOx-PEG-Mel-DOX nanocomposite formulation
had a uniform diameter of 161 ± 26 nm. The MoOx-PEG-Mel nanosheets efficiently convert NIR light to heat,
possessing a photothermal conversion efficiency of 61.7%. They can
also be loaded with doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), giving a high
drug loading (325.6 mg DOX/g MoOx-PEG-Mel).
DOX release from the formulation is influenced by both pH and NIR
irradiation. Systematic in vitro and in vivo evaluations reveal that synergistic chemo- and photothermal therapy
using MoOx-PEG-Mel-DOX can completely
eradicate a tumor with no observable off-target cytotoxicity. This
is the first report of the fabrication of enhanced photothermal agents
by combining MoOx nanosheets and a natural
product. This work proffers a strategy for efficiently treating cancer
as well as potentially extending the photothermal applications of
2D nanomaterials by surface melanin functionalization.
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Li, Yu; Wu, Jianrong; Williams, Gareth R.; Niu, Shiwei; Zhou, Jianfeng; Yang, Yanbo; et al. (2019). Synergistic Chemo-Photothermal Suppression of Cancer
by Melanin Decorated MoOx Nanosheets. ACS Publications. Collection. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.9b00600