Novel
Method of Quantifying Radioactive Cesium-Rich
Microparticles (CsMPs) in the Environment from the Fukushima Daiichi
Nuclear Power Plant
Version 2 2018-06-22, 17:27
Version 1 2018-05-21, 17:53
Posted on 2018-06-22 - 17:27
Highly
radioactive cesium-rich microparticles (CsMPs) were released
from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) to the surrounding
environment at an early stage of the nuclear disaster in March of
2011; however, the quantity of released CsMPs remains undetermined.
Here, we report a novel method to quantify the number of CsMPs in
surface soils at or around Fukushima and the fraction of radioactivity
they contribute, which we call “quantification of CsMPs”
(QCP) and is based on autoradiography. Here, photostimulated luminescence
(PSL) is linearly correlated to the radioactivity of various microparticles,
with a regression coefficient of 0.0523 becquerel/PSL/h (Bq/PSL/h).
In soil collected from Nagadoro, Fukushima, Japan, CsMPs were detected
in soil sieved with a 114 μm mesh. There was no overlap between
the radioactivities of CsMPs and clay particles adsorbing Cs. Based
on the distribution of radioactivity of CsMPs, the threshold radioactivity
of CsMPs in the size fraction of <114 μm was determined to
be 0.06 Bq. Based on this method, the number and radioactivity fraction
of CsMPs in four surface soils collected from the vicinity of the
FDNPP were determined to be 48–318 particles per gram and 8.53–31.8%,
respectively. The QCP method is applicable to soils with a total radioactivity
as high as ∼106 Bq/kg. This novel method is critically
important and can be used to quantitatively understand the distribution
and migration of the highly radioactive CsMPs in near-surface environments
surrounding Fukushima.
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Ikehara, Ryohei; Suetake, Mizuki; Komiya, Tatsuki; Furuki, Genki; Ochiai, Asumi; Yamasaki, Shinya; et al. (2018). Novel
Method of Quantifying Radioactive Cesium-Rich
Microparticles (CsMPs) in the Environment from the Fukushima Daiichi
Nuclear Power Plant. ACS Publications. Collection. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b06693
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AUTHORS (12)
RI
Ryohei Ikehara
MS
Mizuki Suetake
TK
Tatsuki Komiya
GF
Genki Furuki
AO
Asumi Ochiai
SY
Shinya Yamasaki
WB
William R. Bower
GT
Gareth T. W. Law
TO
Toshihiko Ohnuki
BG
Bernd Grambow
RE
Rodney C. Ewing
SU
Satoshi Utsunomiya