Improved Description of Organic Matter in Shales by
Enhanced Solid Fraction Detection with Low-Field 1H NMR
Relaxometry
Posted on 2021-10-21 - 12:39
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
relaxometry is routinely used
to characterize the oil fraction in unconventional shale formations
with low-field benchtop NMR hardware. However, organic phases with
restricted mobility like kerogen and bitumen are typically not detectable
with the standard Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill (CPMG)
method on such equipment, with the rapid spin–spin (T2) signal decay of these solid/viscous components
not visible to the measurement. The solid-echo (SE) and mixed-echo
(ME) pulse sequences offer an alternative to the CPMG, extending the
lifetime of the time-domain signal and allowing the capture of solid
hydrogen-containing species. Accordingly, we combine NMR relaxation
data generated from the application of the CPMG, SE, and ME experiments
to a set of powdered oil- and brine-saturated Eagle Ford shale samples,
with the aim of identifying and quantifing both the immobile (kerogen/bitumen)
and mobile (oil/brine) components. Two-dimensional relaxometry correlating
spin–lattice relation times T1 to
the effective decay times T2 obtained
using CPMG and SE techniques provides more complete information on
the immobile phases in the shales, such as solid organic matter and
clay-bound water. The three spin–echo techniques have similar
efficiencies when detecting signal from mobile and low-viscosity fluids,
while significant differences are seen in shale samples containing
immobile organics. Overall, the combination of the three spin echo
techniques provides an improved description of the solid, viscous,
and liquid components in the investigated shales at low magnetic field.
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Panattoni, F.; Colbourne, A. A.; Fordham, E. J.; Mitchell, J.; Grey, C. P.; Magusin, P. C. M. M. (2021). Improved Description of Organic Matter in Shales by
Enhanced Solid Fraction Detection with Low-Field 1H NMR
Relaxometry. ACS Publications. Collection. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c02386
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AUTHORS (6)
FP
F. Panattoni
AC
A. A. Colbourne
EF
E. J. Fordham
JM
J. Mitchell
CG
C. P. Grey
PM
P. C. M. M. Magusin
KEYWORDS
unconventional shale formationspulse sequences offereffective decay times2 sub1 subse techniques providesobtained using cpmg1 suplow magnetic fieldsolid organic matterorganic matter>< suborganic phasesviscosity fluidssolid hydrogensimilar efficienciessignificant differencesroutinely usedimproved descriptiondomain signaldetecting signalcontaining speciescomplete informationbound water