Esterase-Cleavable 2D Assemblies of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanocubes:
Exploiting Enzymatic Polymer Disassembling To Improve Magnetic Hyperthermia
Heat Losses
Version 2 2019-09-16, 23:43
Version 1 2019-07-23, 16:07
Posted on 2019-09-16 - 23:43
Here,
we report a nanoplatform based on iron oxide nanocubes (IONCs) coated
with a bioresorbable polymer that, upon exposure to lytic enzymes,
can be disassembled increasing the heat performances in comparison
with the initial clusters. We have developed two-dimensional (2D)
clusters by exploiting benchmark IONCs as heat mediators for magnetic
hyperthermia and a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) copolymer, a biodegradable
polymer produced by bacteria that can be digested by intracellular
esterase enzymes. The comparison of magnetic heat performance of the
2D assemblies with 3D centrosymmetrical assemblies or single IONCs
emphasizes the benefit of the 2D assembly. Moreover, the heat losses
of 2D assemblies dispersed in water are better than the 3D assemblies
but worse than for single nanocubes. On the other hand, when the 2D
magnetic beads (2D-MNBs) are incubated with the esterase enzyme at
a physiological temperature, their magnetic heat performances began
to progressively increase. After 2 h of incubation, specific absorption
rate values of the 2D assembly double the ones of individually coated
nanocubes. Such an increase can be mainly correlated to the splitting
of the 2D-MNBs into smaller size clusters with a chain-like configuration
containing few nanocubes. Moreover, 2D-MNBs exhibited nonvariable
heat performances even after intentionally inducing their aggregation.
Magnetophoresis measurements indicate a comparable response of 3D
and 2D clusters to external magnets (0.3 T) that is by far faster
than that of single nanocubes. This feature is crucial for a physical
accumulation of magnetic materials in the presence of magnetic field
gradients. This system is the first example of a nanoplatform that,
upon exposure to lytic enzymes, such as those present in a tumor environment,
can be disassembled from the initial 2D-MNB organization to chain-like
assemblies with clear improvement of the heat magnetic losses resulting
in better heat dissipation performances. The potential application
of 2D nanoassemblies based on the cleavable PHAs for preserving their
magnetic losses inside cells will benefit hyperthermia therapies mediated
by magnetic nanoparticles under alternating magnetic fields.
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Avugadda, Sahitya Kumar; Materia, Maria Elena; Nigmatullin, Rinat; Cabrera, David; Marotta, Roberto; Cabada, Tamara Fernandez; et al. (2019). Esterase-Cleavable 2D Assemblies of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanocubes:
Exploiting Enzymatic Polymer Disassembling To Improve Magnetic Hyperthermia
Heat Losses. ACS Publications. Collection. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b00728
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AUTHORS (14)
SA
Sahitya Kumar Avugadda
MM
Maria Elena Materia
RN
Rinat Nigmatullin
DC
David Cabrera
RM
Roberto Marotta
TC
Tamara Fernandez Cabada
EM
Elena Marcello
SN
Simone Nitti
EA
Emilio J. Artés-Ibañez
PB
Pooja Basnett
CW
Claire Wilhelm
FT
Francisco J. Teran
IR
Ipsita Roy
TP
Teresa Pellegrino
KEYWORDS
3 D centrosymmetrical assemblies2 D-MNBs2 D assembly3 D assembliesMagnetic Hyperthermia Heat LossesPHAheat performancesEsterase-Cleavable 2 D AssembliesMagnetic Iron Oxide Nanocubesnonvariable heat performanceslytic enzymesheat dissipation performances2 D clustersIONC2 D-MNB organization2 D nanoassembliesiron oxide nanocubesintracellular esterase enzymes2 D assembliesabsorption rate values