ESTRUCTURA ARGUMENTATIVA Y USOS DE LOS RECURSOS LINGÜÍSTICOS EVALUATIVOS Y EVIDENCIALES EN DISPUTAS DE NIÑOS EN EDAD ESCOLAR

From an early age, in their daily interactions, boys and girls participate in disputes with a variety of interlocutors in which they develop their argumentative skills. We propose to study how the different components that structure children's arguments are linguistically configured, considering the evaluative expressions and the evidential marks that indicate the positioning in the interaction. These are linguistic resources that reflect the presence of subjectivity in the statement and mark the attitude of the speaker with respect to the content of the statement and the position of the interlocutor (Du Bois, 2007). It is pertinent, then, to pay attention to how the children are learning to configure the opposing positions as well as to use the arguments to sustain them.

The data analyzed correspond to 106 disputes present in spontaneous play situations of 8 4-year-old children and their interlocutors, extracted from the consolidated corpus "Language in the home environment of 4-year-old Argentine children from different sociocultural groups" (Rosemberg , Arrué and Alam, 2005 - 2012). The records are transcribed in CHAT format (Codes for the Human Analysis of Transcripts, MacWhinney, 2000). Disputes that occurred in gambling situations are analyzed since it is an activity that is particularly conducive to argumentative deployment as boys and girls: a) are voluntarily involved in them (Brougeré, 1995); b) they must negotiate the course of the game with their teammates. Once the disputes were extracted, the following were coded: a) the argumentative components - position, data, alternative proposal (negotiation) and resolution (Toulmin, 1958; Migdalek, Ibáñez, Stein & Paredes Mealla, 2018) -; b) evaluative resources -attributes, expressions of emotion, intention, cognition, referred speech, positive polarity and negative polarity; c) evidential marks: source of information, mode of knowledge, mitigation and enhancers, and connectors.