Versatile
and reliable techniques for generating nanofibers
are
critical for their large-scale commercial application. This paper
proposes a free liquid surface electrospinning method that leverages
the unique uniformly distributed spiral projections of linear spiral
electrodes for large-scale electrospinning. This technique is instrumental
in producing a high curvature of the free liquid surface and the tip
effect of the electric field, which efficiently enhances the excitation
frequency, quantity, and drafting effect of the jets. The influence
of electrode geometry, electrode spacing, and applied voltage on the
electric field distribution is simulated using the finite element
method. The results show that under the same conditions, the electric
field strength of the spiral linear electrode surpasses that of the
cylindrical electrode. The interference among the electric field lines
disappears with an electrode spacing of 210 mm. Due to the increase
in interface curvature, we obtained nanofibers with exceptional morphological
characteristics, low dispersion, and adjustable diameters. Simultaneously,
the jet density drastically increased, enabling the productivity of
nanofibers obtained from a single electrode per unit length to reach
4.27 g/h/m, which is 2–3 orders of magnitude higher than the
yield of laboratory electrospinning. Therefore, the electrospinning
method that we proposed has the potential to revolutionize the application
of nanofibers in large-scale industrial production.