A vanadium-based
mixed polyanionic material Na7V4(P2O7)4(PO4) (NVPP)
has a high working potential of around 4.0 V vs Na+/Na
due to the presence of pyrophosphate with strong electronegativity.
In addition, NVPP has intrinsically long cycle life. A carbon-coated
rod-structured NVPP powder is synthesized by a scalable solid-state
reaction method with poly(vinyl alcohol) as the carbon source. As
a cathode, the optimal NVPP sample can deliver discharge capacities
of 92.1 and 86.4 mA h g–1 at 0.2 and 10C, respectively,
in the voltage range of 2.5–4.2 V. It also exhibits a good
cycling stability with a capacity retention of 73% after 550 cycles
at a 10C rate. Based on XRD analysis, the volume change of the NVPP
is less than 4% during the charge and discharge processes. In addition,
NVPP also accommodates more sodium ions in the lattice in a voltage
window of 2.5–4.2 V vs Na+/Na.