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Table A in S1 Text: The feeding schedule of camel keds, Hippobosca camelina, on healthy Swiss white mice for pathogen transmission experiment. Detection of ‘Ca. Anaplasma camelii’ in experimental mice group was determined post-ked bites by PCR-HRM using genus-specific primers for 16S rRNA gene target. The data shows that 47.4% of mice in the test group (n = 9/19) have acquired Anaplasma infection following ked blood-feeding bites. The control mice group (n = 2) was not exposed to the biting flies. Table B in S1 Text: The feeding schedule of camel keds, H. camelina, on immunosuppressed mice (n = 60) for Anaplasma transmission to determine the effect of immunosuppression on mice infection. PCR-HRM analysis revealed Anaplasma infection rate of 6.9% in test mice (n = 4/58) two weeks post-ked bite exposure. Control mice were not exposed to fly bites. We recorded Anaplasma infection rate of 12.9% (n = 4/31) in mice after 60 days of follow-up screening, but all 27 mice that were sacrificed 140 days post-ked exposure were not infected with the Anaplasma sp. Table C in S1 Text: The feeding schedule of camel keds, H. camelina, on mice (n = 123) and rabbits (n = 6) for Anaplasma transmission study to determine vector competence of keds. PCR-HRM analysis targeting genus-specific 16S rRNA gene detected Anaplasma infection rates of 17.9% in test mice (n = 22/123) and in 25% of rabbits (n = 1/4) post-ked bites. Control mice (n = 8) and rabbits (n = 2) were not exposed to biting flies. Table D in S1 Text: The infection prevalence of ‘Ca. Anaplasma camelii’ in camels and camel keds in various seasons of the year; wet, late wet, and dry season. Table E in S1 Text: Presence of Anaplasma sp. in camel keds collected from camel herds in various geographical locations in Laisamis, northern Kenya.

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