Regulating microsomal triglyceride transfer protein with natural products for the treatment of hyperlipidaemia

Hyperlipidaemia, characterised by elevated levels of lipids, particularly LDL-C, is a significant risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. While synthetic inhibitors of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) have shown potential in lowering LDL-C, they are associated with adverse effects. This study explores a novel approach by screening natural products to identify plant extracts that down-regulate MTP gene expression, aiming to reduce hyperlipidaemia with fewer side effects. Modulating MTP expression, rather than direct inhibition, offers a promising avenue for lowering plasma lipids and mitigating cardiovascular risk. Various plant extracts were examined for their potential as MTP down-regulators, with Liquorice root and Pomegranate rind extracts demonstrating the highest efficacy. Additionally, the study assessed the total phenolic content of these extracts, revealing their ­antioxidant capacity. This research provides a foundation for further investigation into bioactive molecules as potential anti-hyperlipidemic agents with improved safety profiles, addressing a critical need in cardiovascular disease prevention.