pone.0295946.s004.docx (69.03 kB)
Model averaged parameter estimates, unconditional standard errors, and relative likelihoods for the candidate model sets evaluating the relationship between male and female Atlantic puffin adult head+bill, wing chord, ratio between bill depth and wing chord, and ratio between bill area and wing chord, and SST anomalies at Machias Seal Island during 1995–2011.
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posted on 2024-01-17, 18:24 authored by Heather L. Major, Joy E. Rivers, Quinn B. Carvey, Antony W. DiamondParameters in bold font are those that do not bound zero. Model averaging was completed using the “MuMIn” R package in the RStudio environment.
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thermoregulatory structures differphenotypic plastic responsesmachias seal islandlacking fitness benefitsincredible shrinking puffinincreasing air temperaturesfratercula arctica changing thermoregulatory requirementsassessed clinal variationasked whether changessmall adults ),thermoregulatory structures increasediv >< pgom ), locatedatlantic puffins nestingbody size decreasesmsi ),small fledgerspuffins nestingworld ’wing chordwaters existwarming fastersouthern endsouthern edgeseabird morphologyrules suggestresults suggestrecent yearsproportional sizeorganisms particularlyocean warmingmorphological plasticitymay helpmarine specieslabrador currentfledgling sizefledgling puffinsdecreasing sizecold locationsbody sizebergmann ’although studiesallen ’adult puffins
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