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Incorporating anthropogenic effects into trophic ecology: predator-prey interactions in a human-dominated landscape
journal contribution
posted on 2015-01-01, 00:00 authored by I Dorresteijn, J Schultner, D G Nimmo, J Fischer, J Hanspach, T Kuemmerle, L Kehoe, Euan RitchieEuan RitchieApex predators perform important functions that regulate ecosystems worldwide. However, little is known about how ecosystem regulation by predators is influenced by human activities. In particular, how important are top-down effects of predators relative to direct and indirect human-mediated bottom-up and top-down processes? Combining data on species' occurrence from camera traps and hunting records, we aimed to quantify the relative effects of top-down and bottom-up processes in shaping predator and prey distributions in a human-dominated landscape in Transylvania, Romania. By global standards this system is diverse, including apex predators (brown bear and wolf), mesopredators (red fox) and large herbivores (roe and red deer). Humans and free-ranging dogs represent additional predators in the system. Using structural equation modelling, we found that apex predators suppress lower trophic levels, especially herbivores. However, direct and indirect top-down effects of humans affected the ecosystem more strongly, influencing species at all trophic levels. Our study highlights the need to explicitly embed humans and their influences within trophic cascade theory. This will greatly expand our understanding of species interactions in human-modified landscapes, which compose the majority of the Earth's terrestrial surface.
History
Journal
Proceedings of the Royal Society B : biological sciencesVolume
282Season
Article Number : 20151602Article number
20151602Pagination
1 - 8Publisher
Royal Society PublishingLocation
London, Eng.Publisher DOI
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eISSN
1471-2954Language
engPublication classification
C Journal article; C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2015, The AuthorsUsage metrics
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apex predatorshabitat modificationlarge herbivoresmesopredatorstop-down versus bottom-uptrophic cascadeScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineBiologyEcologyEvolutionary BiologyLife Sciences & Biomedicine - Other TopicsEnvironmental Sciences & EcologyYELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARKBIALOWIEZA PRIMEVAL FORESTDEER HABITAT SELECTIONVULPES-VULPES DENSITYTOP PREDATORSCANIS-LUPUSROE DEERMESOPREDATOR RELEASESPATIAL-PATTERNSRED DEER
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