Growth and morphology of Δrel cells.

(A) Micrographs of Δrel cells sampled from a nutrient-replete culture exponentially growing at steady-state, and cells sampled after 24 hours in nutrient-limited media. Wild-type cells are shown for comparison. Scale bar: 5 μm. (B) Immunoblot of DnaA from nutrient-replete wild-type and Δrel M2G cultures in mid-exponential phase (t = 0 h) and after shifting cells to N-limited media. The blot picture has been cropped into two halves to juxtapose the two strains. (C) Quantification of DnaA levels in N-starved Δrel cultures (n = 3) compared to wild-type (n = 5). Mean DnaA levels are shown alongside growth curves of the Δrel strain in nutrient-replete minimal medium (n = 5), media limited for N (n = 10), and wild-type growth curves shown in Fig 1B. Error bars represent standard deviation. Δrel immunoblot samples were codeveloped with wild-type samples, and band intensities were normalized to t = 0 h bands of the wild type.

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