Fossil taxa + hypothetical predicted ancestors analyses.

All pruned trees for one of our seven sets of analyses (fossil taxa + hypothetical predicted ancestors) including the trees that resulted from an analysis where no taxa were pseudoextinct. In agreement with Beck and Baillie [32], both most parsimonious trees (MPTs) that were recovered when no taxa were pseudoextinct reconstructed all four placental superorders (Afrotheria, Xenarthra, Laurasiatheria, Euarchontoglires) as monophyletic. All pseudoextinction analyses recovered a single MPT except for Carnivora (2 MPTs), Eulipotyphla (2 MPTs), Macroscelidea (2 MPTs), Scandentia (2 MPTs) and Tubulidentata (3 MPTs).

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