posted on 2024-03-01, 19:09authored byJiaji Fu, Wentai Cai, Shangwen Pan, Lang Chen, Xiaowei Fang, You Shang, Jiqian Xu
Sepsis, a common life-threatening clinical condition,
continues
to have high morbidity and mortality rates, despite advancements in
management. In response, significant research efforts have been directed
toward developing effective strategies. Within this scope, nanotechnology
has emerged as a particularly promising field, attracting significant
interest for its potential to enhance disease diagnosis and treatment.
While several reviews have highlighted the use of nanoparticles in
sepsis, comprehensive studies that summarize and analyze the hotspots
and research trends are lacking. To identify and further promote the
development of nanotechnology in sepsis, a bibliometric analysis was
conducted on the relevant literature, assessing research trends and
hotspots in the application of nanomaterials for sepsis. Next, a comprehensive
review of the subjectively recognized research hotspots in sepsis,
including nanotechnology-enhanced biosensors and nanoscale imaging
for sepsis diagnostics, and nanoplatforms designed for antimicrobial,
immunomodulatory, and detoxification strategies in sepsis therapy,
is elucidated, while the potential side effects and toxicity risks
of these nanomaterials were discussed. Particular attention is given
to biomimetic nanoparticles, which mimic the biological functions
of source cells like erythrocytes, immune cells, and platelets to
evade immune responses and effectively deliver therapeutic agents,
demonstrating substantial translational potential. Finally, current
challenges and future perspectives of nanotechnology applications
in sepsis with a view to maximizing their great potential in the research
of translational medicine are also discussed.