Association between waist circumference and poor functional outcome according to insulin action.

MV, multivariable; BMI, body mass index; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; HOMA-β, homeostatic model assessment of beta cell function; Ph, P for heterogeneity; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. Waist circumference was categorized into four groups according to quartiles in females (Q1: ≤74.3 cm, Q2: 74.5–81.8 cm, Q3: 82.0–88.0 cm, and Q4: >89.0 cm) and males (Q1: <78.9 cm, Q2: 79.0–84.9 cm, Q3: 85.0–90.8 cm, and Q4: >91.0 cm). The multivariable model included age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation, pre-stroke modified Rankin Scale score, history of stroke, stroke subtype (cardioembolism, small-vessel occlusion, large-artery atherosclerosis, or others), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score on admission, and reperfusion therapy. The P value for heterogeneity was evaluated by adding an interaction term of WC categories × subgroup to a multivariable model. *BMI added to multivariable model.

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