The persistence of phage output after each round of panning.

A. The white bars indicate the input number of random peptide-displayed phage particles in each round of panning, which is persistently kept at 3x10⁹ PFU. The black bars show phage particle titration at the ends of each round before they were amplified for the next round of input. B. Increased phage affinity against IgG OHC and NT1 pooled serum after each round of panning. The binding capacity of enriched phage pools to patient IgGs was measured by phage Elisa. The presenting data are mean ± SD (n = 2).