Scatterplots show DQ scores for a) children positive and treated for S. haematobium infection at baseline (n = 29), b) children present at S1 survey (6 months later) and tested negative for S. haematobium infection (n = 29), and c) children present at S2 survey (12 months later) who remained negative for S. haematobium infection (n = 18). Dotted lines represent the mean reference average for DQ (100). p-values indicate statistical tests for either a one sample t-test or Wilcoxon sign test (based on normality) comparing to the hypothetical mean of 100. Solid lines = mean.