S3 Fig -

Proportion of social learners (left) and old bias (right) for temporal individual-based model with adult learning and social learning error (ϵ = 0.3). Rows show results for different age-related exponential decline rates in learning; β = 1 means mostly juveniles learn, β = 0 means all age classes are equally able to learn. Squares represent different parameter combinations for the rate of environmental change u and the strength of viability selection σ. Lighter colors indicate higher proportions, darker colors lower proportions. Results are averaged over the last 5000 time steps of 10 independent 7000 time-step simulations per parameter combination. Other parameter values are: c = 0.05, z = 0.5, s₁ = 0.9, μ = 0.005.

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