Intraarterial LepA injection via ipsilateral ICA following ischemia and reperfusion injury reduces neuroinflammation in the CA1 region.

(A) Activated microglia are abundant in the CA1 region of IR/saline-injected samples (i), fewer in IR/LepA-injected samples (ii), and mildly less in control (untreated mice; iii). Scale bars are 500μm and 200μm for low and high magnification, respectively. (B) IR resulted in changes in Iba-1 density (n = 8 for saline and control groups and n = 13 for LepA group, Kruskal-Wallis H = 22.89, p < 0.0001), with increased density of Iba1-positive cells in the CA1 region of IR-saline mice compared to IR-LepA (p = 0.0127) and control, untreated, mice (p < 0.0001). A small increase in Iba-1 was evident following IR with LepA treatment compared to control (p = 0.0420).