FoxO1 overexpression increased ATGL and CGI-58 but reduced PPARγ and G0S2 expression in palmitate-treated HepG2 hepatocytes.

(A) HepG2 hepatocytes were transfected with pReceiver-M98-empty or pReceiver-M98-FoxO1, and FoxO1 expression was determined through a Western blotting analysis. (B) HepG2 hepatocytes were transfected with pReceiver-M98-FoxO1 to stably over-express FoxO1 and then exposed to 200 μM palmitate for 24 h. FoxO1 overexpression increased ATGL and CGI-58 but reduced PPARγ and G0S2 mRNA expression. The mRNA levels were determined by a quantitative PCR analysis and were normalized to β-actin. (C) FoxO1 overexpression increased ATGL and CGI-58 but reduced PPARγ and G0S2 protein expression. The protein expression levels were determined by a Western blot analysis. (D) The bands were quantified and normalized relative to β-actin. Each bar represents the means ± SDs (n = 3). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.