pone.0299033.g001.tif (1.44 MB)
Fig 1 -
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posted on 2024-02-23, 18:44 authored by Anna N. Osiecka, Elodie F. Briefer, Dorota Kidawa, Feliksa Żurawska, Katarzyna Wojczulanis-JakubasSpectrograms (seewave package [36]) of the calls produced inside the nest when interacting with a parent (left panel) and during handling (right panel). Each call was produced by a different chick.
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wild colonial animalssocially complex speciesoften inform conspecificslinear mixed modelshornsund breeding colonyhighly colonial seabirdshigher mean entropyhence revealing whetherdiv >< palle alle underlying affective statesopposite affective valenceassociated affective valenceeffectively communicate behaviouralrecorded chick callslower spectral centrelittle auk (<>) chicks reflect>) chicksaffective expressionaffective contextsseabird chicksbehavioural contextstwo contextsstudied vocalisationsreliably classifiedparticularly importantparents insideparent insidelittle auksinformation contentfundamental frequencyfindings suggesteven lesscalls utteredcalls producedbehavioural contextanimal vocalisationsacoustic parameters
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