Fig 1 -

Analysis summary: (A) Data was recorded from 64 custom micro-electrocorticographic (μECoG) electrodes placed in the ferret cortex. The number of electrodes in each cortical functional system (auditory, visual, parietal) is depicted in the insert, which sum to 64 total electrodes. (B) Raw signal level of irreversibility was obtained by calculating for each time window (1 second) the time-shifted forward correlation difference with the time-shifted backward correlation. (C) Frequency spectra, classification of behavioral states and irreversibility values (difference between forward and backward matrix) at each time point across the whole recording (> 2 hours). Irreversibility value was calculated for each behavioral state showing the AA/REM as the one with the highest level. (D) PCA was calculated for each brain region and the three first components (one from each area) were used as the input signal for the Hidden Markov Model Analysis (HMM). The HMM resulting network states are presented with their corresponding transitions. (E) The switching rate between the obtained network states was grouped by behavioral states, showing the AA/REM as the state with the highest switching rate (AA/REM: 0.15; QA: 0.13; SWS:0.12). (F) The maximal fractional occupancy of the 5 network states was calculated for each behavioral state, showing the SWS as the one with the highest value (AA/REM: 0.32; QA: 0.37; SWS:0.45). (G) We applied a deep autoencoder to reduce the dimensionality of the source data in order to explore the embedded dynamics of the system. (H) The distinction between the three behavioral states was assessed through a classifier at each reduced dimension, showing the highest level of performance at dimension 7. (I) The entropy production of each behavioral state is displayed at dimension 7 revealing that the greatest departure from equilibrium occurs in the stage AA/REM ([F(2, 1787) = 390,p < .01]). The highest entropy production was at the AA/REM state (mean = 0.0034, std = 0.0012), followed by the SWS state (mean = 0.0023, std = 0.001) and QA state (mean = 0.0017, std = 0.0011).