Example image illustrating the preprocessing step of visual heat maps for subsequent analyses.

(a) Original image of an individual with Down syndrome (DS). (b) For this DS image, conditioned on the group of successful clinicians, we average the default attention heat maps from the eye-tracking experiments. (c) We removed the common visual signals (See S27 Fig). (d) Finally, we smooth the image with cv2.boxFilter and increase the color intensity. Here, compared to (b), in (d) we can better observe the high visual interest for a larger orbital region (not just the center of the eyes), as well as attention to the ears, which, though barely visible in this image, can be notable features on physical examination for this condition. The image is freely available for reuse without restriction, courtesy: National Human Genome Research Institute (www.genome.gov).