Effects of GIPA-1 and GIPA-2 on oral glucose tolerance and insulin responses in DIO mice.

Oral glucose tolerance test (A), the corresponding glucose AUC (B) and insulin responses at 0 min (C) and 30 min (D) after the glucose bolus, following administration of vehicle, 0.2 mg/kg liraglutide, ~4.5 mg/kg GIPA-1 and combination of both for 21 days in DIO mice.(E-H) Effects on oral glucose tolerance test (E and F) on day 17, and insulin tolerance test (G and H) on day study 24, following chronic administration of vehicle, 0.2 mg/kg liraglutide, 10 mg/kg GIPA-2 and combination of both in DIO mice. Group sizes are n = 10, and data are represented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was calculated using two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test and one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post-hoc test. *: p< 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001, ****: p<0.0001 compared to vehicle.