pone.0296894.s006.tif (544.7 kB)
Bidirectional MR analysis revealed no reversal causal effects of DR on ALT and AST.
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posted on 2024-01-17, 18:31 authored by Yang Li, Qiu Zhang(A) Forest plot showed the UVMR estimations of DR on ALT and AST. (B) Forest plot showed the UVMR estimations of T2DM with DR on ALT and AST.
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wide association studysup >&# 8722single nucleotide polymorphismspotential biological mechanismspleiotropy residual summultivariable mendelian randomization5 × 10serum aspartate aminotransferaseserum alanine aminotransferasewide significance (<independent causal effectdiabetic microvascular complicationsalp ), gamma206 – 1115 – 1univariable mendelian randomizationthree mvmr approachesprevious observational investigationsfive uvmr approachesdiabetes risk factorsindependent causal effectsggt ),diabetic retinopathyclinical significancecausal effectscausal associationsserum altuvmr revealeduk biobanksignificant associationssensitivity analysesminimization methodsliver enzymeslevel statisticslevel increasedglutamyl transferasegenetic instrumentsfinngen consortiumextended versionsearly preventionalkaline phosphatase017 ).006 ).
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