Associations of change in limb lean mass indices across different life stages with lipid, pre-glycaemic, inflammatory, and blood pressure traits at 25 y among Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children Generation 1 individuals.

Estimates are beta coefficients and 95% CIs representing SD-unit differences in cardiometabolic traits at 25 y per SD-unit change in lean mass index (based on standardised index at time 2 minus standardised index at time 1). Childhood models are based on change in lean mass index from 10 y to 13 y and are adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, maternal education, lean mass index at 10 y, change in the other lean mass index, and change in total fat mass index (N range: 1,926 to 2,557). Adolescence models are based on change in lean mass index from 13 y to 18 y and are adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, maternal education, puberty timing, change in the other lean mass index, and change in total fat mass index (N range: 1,747 to 2,344). Young adulthood models are based on change in lean mass index from 18 y to 25 y and are adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, maternal education, puberty timing, smoking, alcohol, change in the other lean mass index, and change in total fat mass index (N range: 1,532 to 2,036). Limb lean mass index defined as sum of lean mass in arms and legs (kg) divided by squared height (m²). Apo, apolipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; VLDL, very-low-density lipoprotein.