Association between consumption of protein- rich foods and metabolic syndrome, type-2 diabetes, and hypertension.

Odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals for each clinical condition are plotted for type and level of servings of foods. The logistic regression models used are adjusted for: sex, age, body mass index, waist to hip ratio, urban/rural residency, education, income, smoking and drinking habits, energy from diet (including carbonated beverages), physical activity. To analyze protein intake the following categories were used: low, ≤ 0.5; moderate 0.51 to 1, and high >1 serving per day; standard serving sizes (such as a glass of milk, a cup of yoghurt, or a slice of cheese) were assigned for dairy and 150 g for cooked legumes. The reference group considered for comparisons was the consumption of ≤ 0.5 servings.