Effect of feed enriched by products formulated from coconut water, palm sap sugar, and mushroom on the chemical composition of feed and carcass, growth performance, body indices, and gut micromorphology of giant gourami, Osphronemus goramy (Lacepède, 1801), juveniles
Background: Giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy Lacepede, 1801) is a freshwater species of Indonesia's most important commercial fish, and most of the giant gourami is produced by aquaculture. The first purpose of this investigation is to determine the effect of various newly formulated products on the amino acid composition of the diet and whole-body carcass. The second aim is to analysed the impact of newly formulated products on the growth performance, body indices, and gut micromorphology.
Methods: A total of 1.0 litres of palm sap sugar solution and 2.0 litres of mature coconut water were formulated. Each 1.0-litre product formulated was added to 2 g of Aspergillus niger (labeled CP2), 2 g of Rhizopus oligosporus (labeled CP3), and 2 g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (labeled CP4). Commercial aquafeed to which freshwater was added was labeled CP1 (placebo). Aquafeed was added to CP1 and supplemented with CP2, CP3, and CP4 (labeled KP1, KP2, KP3, and KP4 diets). Their dosage was 150 ml/kg of feed. Juvenile giant gourami (initial weight 50 ± 0.25 g and length 13.2 ± 0.07 cm) were reared in triplicate net frames (2 m × 1 m × 1 m; water volume 1.5 m3/frame nets) in a freshwater concrete pond. The juveniles were randomly distributed at a stocking density of 30 juveniles/net.
Results: Results support our hypothesis that different product formulations have a significant effect (P < 0.05) on aquafeed nutrition and the whole-body carcass, growth indices, fish feed efficiency, and gut micromorphology of giant gourami juveniles. The KP3 diet contains a higher concentration of amino acids, which increased the growth rate, feed efficiency, and carcass quality more than the other diets that we tested.
Conclusion: Diet KP3 contains higher total amino acids in diets and carcasses and gives the better growth of giant gourami.
