These records were used to train a model predicting kelp distributions at high latitude (i.e. in the Arctic).
Occurrence records were sourced for three species of kelp (Laminariales), all of which are widely reported throughout the Arctic: Agarum clathratum Dumortier, Alaria esculenta (Linnaeus) Greville, and Laminaria solidungula J.Agardh. Records were first sourced by scanning distributions depicted in Lüning (1990) and georeferencing them using ArcGIS. These distributions summarize records from extensive historical surveys dating back to at least the late 19th century. Secondly, georeferenced records were sourced from the Macroalgal Herbarium Portal (
https://macroalgae.org/portal/index.php). For A. esculenta, a polygon was drawn to include records throughout the Atlantic and Arctic north of the Bering Strait, excluding records from the Pacific (which was similarly done for the distribution depicted by Lüning [1990]), which is consistent with A. esculenta sensu stricto, though some authors consider records of A. crispa from Kamchatka to also represent A. esculenta sensu lato (Klochkova et al. 2018). Finally, occurrence records were also derived from the Barcode of Life Data Systems.
