Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), commercially important flatfish species, is widely cultivated in Europe and China. Here, we present an improved high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly of turbot using a combination of PacBio long-read and Illumina short-read sequencing technologies. turbot_WW.gff is the annotation file of the turbot genome assembly. functional annotation of protein-coding genes.xls is the result of functional annotation of protein-coding genes using various databases. turbot_gene.TPM is the gene expression matrix used for gene co-expression network inference. genes per module.xlsx is gene IDs in every co-expression module. hub genes set.xlsx is the list of hub genes for every co-expression module. DEGs set.xlsx is the list of differential expression genes for each stress. GO enrichment.xlsx and KEGG enrichment.xlsx are the results of function enrichment for genes in co-expression modules that extremely significant correlated with each stress. key hub genes.xlsx is the list of candidate stress-related key hub genes generated by taking the intersection of hub gene set and DEGs set.