The chapter describes case studies from India and Kenya, which
provide a brief outline of the COVID-19 response as through the lens of
the readiness of health systems. The chapter introduces the concepts of
health systems and preparedness, deliberating the relevant factors in
the context of a disease outbreak. It gives a glimpse of the health systems
in India and Kenya, providing an overview of the healthcare situation
in low-middle income countries. The authors explore three components
of health systems with respect to COVID-19: 1) Human resources for
health; 2) Healthcare delivery infrastructure that covers hospital
preparedness, infection control practices and relevant guidelines and
protocols, and 3) Supply chain management of COVID-19-specific
materials and resources including personal protective equipment and
diagnostics/testing. The chapter concludes by listing the requirements
for preparedness of health systems in-view of future pandemics