NMP and TXIB induce oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo.
A549 human lung epithelial cells were exposed to NMP or TXIB for 24 h. Expression of GSTP-1 was quantified by western blotting (A). Naïve mice were exposed to NMP or TXIB on two consecutive days for 6 hours, lung tissues were taken and GSTP-1 expression was quantified by western blotting (B) and 8-isoprostane (C) was measured as described in File S1. In the pseudoimages, the blue to red coloring represents the lowest to the highest light intensity in NMP (52 µg/m3)- or TXIB (31 µg/m3)-exposed NFκB/luciferase transgenic mice (D). Photon emission was quantified over the lung area (arrow) as mean fold of induction (E). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM from three independent experiments (A), n ≥ 9 animals per group (B, C) or n = 4 per group (D, E); *p<0.05 vs. CON.
