HIV-1 replication patterns in cDCs from EC.

(A): Early and late HIV-1 reverse transcripts (RT) and 2-LTR circles in cDCs from indicated study subjects at 48 hours after ex vivo infection with HIV-1. (B): Analysis of integrated HIV-1 DNA in primary cDCs from the different study cohorts. Basal levels of integrated HIV-1 DNA are shown in the left panel, right panel shows de novo HIV-1 integration in cDCs after subtraction of baseline levels of integrated HIV-1 DNA. (C): Analysis of late HIV-1 RT products and 2-LTR circles normalized to levels of de novo integrated HIV-1 DNA in cDCs at 48 hours after infection. (A–C): Differences between different cohorts were tested for statistical significance using a Kruskal-Wallis test with post-hoc Dunn’s test or using Mann Whitney U test (# p<0.05; ## p<0.01). (A,B,C). Horizontal lines represent the median for each specific cohort and experimental condition. (D): Inhibition of IFNα and IFNβ mRNA expression in cDCs from EC cultured in media (Med) or infected with HIV-1 (HIV) in the presence or absence of AZT, Efavirenz (EFV) or Raltegavir (Ral). Data reflect mean and standard error from qPCR values of IFNα and IFNβ mRNA levels after normalization to β-actin endogenous expression from n = 5 experiments. Numbers above bars represent the mean percentage of inhibition induced by each drug. Differences were tested for statistical significance using a one-tailed Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test, * p<0.05.