Geometry of rose prickles having failed and not failed.

Prickles classified as failed have snapped off in mechanical tests. Prickles where the Kevlar loop slipped off are classified as not failed. For Rosa arvensis data obtained with traction parallel to the stem (force direction “1”) are pooled and for Rosa arvensis ‘Splendens‘ type I and II data obtained with traction at 45° (force direction “2”) are pooled. The specified values are medians and lower and upper quartiles (in brackets)

(***: p ≤0.001),

(*: p ≤0.05),

(-: P > 0.05, Mann-Whitney U-Test, Student’s t-test and Welch’s t-test).

Geometry of rose prickles having failed and not failed.