Top-down effect is spatially global (F) but reduced at ultrashort durations (H).

F plots d′ log-ratios for bottom-up (black) and top-down (green) effects as a function of gap size (x axis) for spatial gaps of differing size between probe and scene (A-E), pooled across observers. Red trace plots overall d′. Shading shows ±1 SEM. G plots log-ratios for individual observers (conventions similar to Fig 2F) pooled separately from small (gap < probe, blue) and large (gap > probe, magenta) gap sizes. H-I show similar measurements for varying stimulus durations, short (< 30 ms, blue) and long (≥30 ms, magenta). Inset to H replots green data with rescaled y axis to emphasize positive trend (solid line shows best linear fit, dashed lines 95% confidence intervals for fit). Vertical/horizontal arrows in G,I point to average y/x values for effects associated with significant p-values (<0.05) from Wilcoxon signed-rank test for different than 0 (p-values are indicated next to arrow). Thin blue segments near axes in I show confidence intervals for blue dataset after removal of data point at bottom-right of panel. Data for this figure is available from S2 Data.