The inner surface of female Helicoverpa zea before and after mating

The inner surface of female H. zea before and after mating. (a, b) the inner surface of cervix bursa of mated females. The sclerotized wounds are indicated by black arrows. (c) the inner surface of cervix bursa of unmated female. There is no damage on the surface. (d) The aedeagus of male. There are many groups of heavily sclerotized spines on the outer surface of the aedeagus. The spines are within the aedeagus when not mating (aedeagus everted back to body of male)