The economic implications of deforestation in tropical forests from 2000 to 2012.

Comparison of carbon emissions assessed at market prices plus loss of ecosystem services (ES) values minus gains of agricultural rents. Replacement of land by those crops in the tropical forest biome already present in the country is assumed (Scenario A). The median values of the simulations are shown. Maps corresponding to the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of the uncertainty distribution of outcomes are available in S3 and S4 Figs.