je7b00768_si_001.pdf (418.52 kB)
The Solid–Liquid Equilibrium and Crystal Habit of l‑Carnitine Fumarate
journal contribution
posted on 2018-02-13, 13:35 authored by Yun Cao, Shiyuan Liu, Shichao Du, Yumin Liu, Yingdan Cui, Xiaona Li, Dandan Han, Junbo GongThe
solid–liquid equilibrium data of l-carnitine
fumarate in methanol + (ethanol/1-propanol/2-propanol) binary mixed
systems were determined at temperatures ranging from 288.15 to 328.15
K, while the solubility data of l-carnitine fumarate in (methanol
+1-butanol) mixtures were determined from T = (293.15
to 333.15) K because of its low solubility in low temperature. All
experimental data were obtained by the gravimetric method under atmospheric
pressure. At each composition point, the data increases with the increasing
temperature in all determined solutions. A similar trend is also observed
when the mole fraction of methanol increases in all binary solvent
mixtures for each temperature. It is also found that the solubility
data of l-carnitine fumarate in these binary mixtures rank
as (methanol + ethanol) > (methanol +1-propanol) > (methanol
+2-propanol)
> (methanol +1-butanol). The modified Apelblat equation, (CNIBS)/Redlich–Kister
model, Solubility–Polarity model, and Jouyban–Acree
model were employed to correlate the solubility data determined, and
all of them show good agreement with experimental value. Furthermore,
the crystal morphology and size distribution of l-carnitine
fumarate in different solvents was studied in order to select favorable
solvents for good crystal habits.