Sol–Gel Derived Nanoporous Compositions for Entrapping Small Molecules and Their Outlook toward Aptamer Screening

This paper reports for the first time the application of sol–gel microarrays for immobilizing nonsoluble small chemicals (Bisphenol-A; BPA). Also, known problems of sol–gel adhesion to conventional microtiter well plate substrates are circumvented by anchoring the sol–gel microspots to a porous silion surface so-called, PS-SG chips. We confirmed low molecular weight chemical immobilization inside a sol–gel network using fluorescein. BPA and the BPA specific aptamer were utilized as a model pair to verify the affinity specific interaction in the PS-SG selection system. The aptamer interacted specifically with BPA in the sol–gel spots, as shown in microarrays forming the letters “L”, “U”, “N”, and “D”. Moreover, the bound aptamer was released by heat, recovered, and verified by gel electrophoresis. The developed PS-SG chip platform will be used for screening aptamers against numerous small molecules such as toxins, metabolites, or pesticide residues.