am7b12898_si_001.pdf (604.08 kB)
Simultaneous Perforation and Doping of Si Nanoparticles for Lithium-Ion Battery Anode
journal contribution
posted on 2017-12-06, 00:00 authored by Guangxin Lv, Bin Zhu, Xiuqiang Li, Chuanlu Chen, Jinlei Li, Yan Jin, Xiaozhen Hu, Jia ZhuSilicon
nanostructures have served as promising building blocks for various
applications, such as lithium-ion batteries, thermoelectrics, and
solar energy conversions. Particularly, control of porosity and doping
is critical for fine-tuning the mechanical, optical, and electrical
properties of these silicon nanostructures. However, perforation and
doping are usually separated processes, both of which are complicated
and expensive. Here, we demonstrate that the porous nano-Si particles
with controllable dopant can be massively produced through a facile
and scalable method, combining ball-milling and acid-etching. Nano-Si
with porosity as high as 45.8% can be achieved with 9 orders of magnitude
of conductivity changes compared to intrinsic silicon. As an example
for demonstration, the obtained nano-Si particles with 45.8% porosity
and 3.7 atom % doping can serve as a promising anode for lithium-ion
batteries with 2000 mA h/g retained over 100 cycles at the current
density of 0.5 C, excellent rate performance with 1600 mA h/g at the
current density of 5 C, and a stable cycling performance of above
1500 mA h/g retained over 940 cycles at the current density of 1 C
with carbon coating.