NS1 can compensate for the role of E^rns in the infectious particle formation of CSFV.

(A) Schematics of the wild type and E^rns deletion (CSFVΔE^rns) CSFV RNA, and the experimental procedure. (B) Expression of HA-tagged E^rns (HA-E^rns) and HA-NS1 from DENV and JEV was determined by immunoblotting at 48-h post-transduction of lentiviruses into SK6 cells. Intracellular CSFV RNA (C) and extracellular infectious titers (D) were determined at 72-h post-electroporation with CSFVΔE^rns by qRT-PCR and focus-forming assay, respectively. (E) Expression of HA-E^rns, and the wild type and mutant (F160A and V162D) HA-NS1 from DENV was determined by immunoblotting. Intracellular CSFV RNA (F) and extracellular infectious titers (G) were determined at 72-h post-electroporation with CSFVΔE^rns. In all cases, asterisks indicate significant differences (* p < 0.01) versus the results of the control cells.