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Multiple Epsilon-Near-Zero Resonances in Multilayered Cadmium Oxide: Designing Metamaterial-Like Optical Properties in Monolithic Materials
journal contribution
posted on 2019-04-18, 11:35 authored by Kyle P. Kelley, Evan L. Runnerstrom, Edward Sachet, Christopher T. Shelton, Everett D. Grimley, Andrew Klump, James M. LeBeau, Zlatko Sitar, Jonathan Y. Suen, Willie J. Padilla, Jon-Paul MariaIn
this Letter, we demonstrate a new class of infrared nanophotonic
materials based on monolithic, multilayered doped cadmium oxide (CdO)
thin films, where each CdO layer is individually tuned to support
a separate epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) resonance. Infrared reflectivity
measurements reveal that the optical response of the multilayered
stack combines multiple discrete absorption events, each associated
with an individual ENZ plasmonic polaritonic mode. Structural and
chemical characterization confirm that the multilayers are homoepitaxial
and monolithic, with internal interfaces defined by discrete steps
in dopant density and carrier concentration. Structurally, the layers
are indistinguishable as they differ from their neighbors by only
∼1 in 10000 constituent atoms. The optoelectronic property
contrast, however, is pronounced, as each layer maintains an independent
electron concentration, as corroborated by secondary ion mass spectroscopy
and numerical solutions to Poisson’s equation. It is this electron
confinement that imbues each individual layer with the ability to
independently resonate at separate mid-infrared frequencies. We additionally
demonstrate simultaneous thermal emission of infrared light from each
individual layer at its respective ENZ frequency, pursuant to Kirchhoff’s
law of radiation. The highly localized property contrast intrinsic
to these monoliths offers great potential in nanophotonics, plasmonics,
and physics thanks to the ability to engineer infrared response and
achieve metamaterial-like optical properties without the need for
lithography or micro/nanofabrication. New possibilities arising from
this work include strongly tunable and multimodal perfect absorbers
as well as spectrally engineered and narrow-band light emitters.
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Keywords
ion mass spectroscopynanophotonic materialselectron confinementresponseelectron concentrationdopant densityENZ plasmonic polaritonic modeMultiple Epsilon-Near-Zero Resonancesabilitychemical characterizationabsorption eventsmid-infrared frequenciesoptoelectronic property contrastcarrier concentrationENZ frequencyCdO layerDesigning Metamaterial-Like Optical PropertiesMonolithic MaterialsInfrared reflectivity measurementsMultilayered Cadmium Oxide10000 constituent atomsproperty contrastnarrow-band light emittersphysics thankscadmium oxide
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