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Liaison between Myristoylation and Cryptic EF-Hand Motif Confers Ca2+ Sensitivity to Neuronal Calcium Sensor‑1
journal contribution
posted on 2015-02-03, 00:00 authored by Vangipurapu Rajanikanth, Anand Kumar Sharma, Meduri Rajyalakshmi, Kousik Chandra, Kandala V. R. Chary, Yogendra SharmaMany members of the neuronal calcium
sensor (NCS) protein family
have a striking coexistence of two characteristics, that is, N-myristoylation
and the cryptic EF-1 motif. We investigated the rationale behind this
correlation in neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) by restoring Ca2+ binding ability of the disabled EF-1 loop by appropriate
mutations. The concurrence of canonical EF-1 and N-myristoylation
considerably decreased the overall Ca2+ affinity, conformational
flexibility, and functional activation of downstream effecter molecules
(i.e., PI4Kβ). Of a particular note, Ca2+ induced
conformational change (which is the first premise for a CaBP to be
considered as sensor) is considerably reduced in myristoylated proteins
in which Ca2+-binding to EF-1 is restored. Moreover, Ca2+, which otherwise augments the enzymatic activity of PI4Kβ
(modulated by NCS-1), leads to a further decline in the modulated
PI4Kβ activity by myristoylated mutants (with canonical EF-1)
pointing toward a loss of Ca2+ signaling and specificity
at the structural as well as functional levels. This study establishes
the presence of the strong liaison between myristoylation and cryptic
EF-1 in NCS-1. Breaking this liaison results in the failure of Ca2+ specific signal transduction to downstream effecter molecules
despite Ca2+ binding. Thus, the EF-1 disability is a prerequisite
in order to append myristoylation signaling while preserving structural
robustness and Ca2+ sensitivity/specificity in NCS-1.