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Insecticides in Chinese Medicinal Plants: Survey Leading to Jacaranone, A Neurotoxicant and Glutathione-Reactive Quinol
journal contribution
posted on 2003-03-27, 00:00 authored by Hanhong Xu, Nanjing Zhang, John E. CasidaSixty-two plant species from central China were purported to have insecticidal activity. Adult house
fly (Musca domestica) toxicity assays were used to identify the two most active plants and guide the
chromatographic isolation of the insecticidal components. The active ingredient of Senecio palmatus
Pall. (Asteraceae) was characterized as methyl (1-hydroxy-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-yl)acetate
(jacaranone) (1), previously known to have insect antifeedant activity. Mono- and bisglutathione (GSH)
adducts are formed on incubation of 1 with GSH and rat liver GSH S-transferase. The toxic action of
1 in mice (intraperitoneal LD50 = 150−200 mg/kg) is associated with both neurological signs and
GSH depletion in liver 90 min after treatment. Paeonia suffruticosa var. papaveracea (Andr.) Kerner
(Paeoniaceae) was the other active plant found here to have 2‘-hydroxy-4‘-methoxyacetophenone
(paeonol) (2) as an insecticidal ingredient in the root and in one case, for the whole plant, contaminated
with S-tert-butylthiomethyl O,O-diethyl phosphorodithioate (terbufos) (3), a synthetic anticholinesterase
insecticide.
Keywords: Glutathione conjugates; insecticide; jacaranone; paeonol; terbufos
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Adult houseliver 90 minjacaranonerat liver GSH SpaeonolPaeonia suffruticosa varhydroxyanticholinesterase insecticideterbufoinsecticidal activitytoxicity assaysintraperitoneal LD 50Glutathione conjugatesinsect antifeedant activitySenecio palmatus Pallbutylthiomethyl OGSH depletioninsecticidal ingredientinsecticidal componentsMusca domesticadiethyl phosphorodithioate
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