Figure 4: Cardiac Protein Expression and Regulation of Glucose and Fatty Acid Oxidation Enzymes and Its Regulation by Acetylation in Empagliflozin-Treated

Cardiac protein expression of glucose oxidation enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) (n = 6–7/group) (A), phosphorylation of PDH at the serine 293 residue (n = 6 to 7/group) (B), protein expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) (n = 6 to 7/group) (C), fatty acid β-oxidation enzymes long chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD) (D), and β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (β-HAD) (E) (n = 6 to 7/group) are shown. Total cardiac lysine acetylation blot (F) with quantification (G) (n = 7/group) along with lysine acetylation levels of PDH, LCAD, and β-HAD normalized to the anti-acetyllysine immunoglobulin heavy chain (n = 5 to 6/group) (H–J) are shown. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Data were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA followed by LSD post hoc test. *p < 0.05 was considered as a significantly different comparison with C57BL/6J + Vehicle. Abbreviations as Figures 1 and 2.