Production of MCP-1, IL-8, RANTES, IP-10, and MIP-1β was measured by ELISA. Various cell lines (1 × 10/ml) were cultured for 24 h in 2 ml DMEM containing 5% FBS with or without 2 ng/ml TNF-α, and supernatants were collected. The content of MCP-1, IL-8, RANTES and IP-10 are shown; MIP-1β was not detected (less than 10 pg/ml). RA6/1, RA8/3, and Sy77 are RA SCLs. The mean and SEM were calculated from triplicates of one representative experiment out of three with similar results. Statistical analysis was performed with the Student test. < 0.05 and < 0.01.