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Appalachian Mountaintop Mining Particulate Matter Induces Neoplastic Transformation of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells and Promotes Tumor Formation
journal contribution
posted on 2015-12-17, 05:31 authored by Sudjit Luanpitpong, Michael Chen, Travis Knuckles, Sijin Wen, Juhua Luo, Emily Ellis, Michael Hendryx, Yon RojanasakulEpidemiological studies suggest that
living near mountaintop coal
mining (MTM) activities is one of the contributing factors for high
lung cancer incidence. The purpose of this study was to investigate
the long-term carcinogenic potential of MTM particulate matter (PMMTM) exposure on human bronchial epithelial cells. Our results
show that chronic exposure (3 months) to noncytotoxic, physiological
relevant concentration (1 μg/mL) of PMMTM, but not
control particle PMCON, induced neoplastic transformation,
accelerated cell proliferation, and enhanced cell migration of the
exposed lung cells. Xenograft transplantation of the PMMTM-exposed cells in mice caused no apparent tumor formation, but promoted
tumor growth of human lung carcinoma H460 cells, suggesting the tumor-promoting
effect of PMMTM. Chronic exposure to the main inorganic
chemical constituent of PMMTM, molybdenum but not silica,
similarly induced cell transformation and tumor promotion, suggesting
the contribution of molybdenum, at least in part, in the PMMTM effects. These results provide new evidence for the carcinogenic
potential of PMMTM and support further risk assessment
and implementation of exposure control for PMMTM.
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neoplastic transformationresults showepithelial cellstumor formationtumor promotionchemical constituentmountaintop coal miningHuman Bronchial Epithelial CellsChronic exposurecell transformationexposure controltumor growthlung cancer incidenceAppalachian Mountaintop Mining Particulate Matter Induces Neoplastic Transformationlung carcinoma H 460 cellscell proliferationPromotes Tumor FormationEpidemiological studiesPMMTM effectscontrol particle PMCONcell migrationXenograft transplantationlung cellsrisk assessment
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